Racial Oppression in the Global Metropolis
By Paul Street at Aug 02, 2007 |
|
My book Racial Oppression in the Global Metropolis: a Living Black Chicago History (New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007) is out. I posted the study's introduction and table of contents on ZNet today. Objectively racist "Global Chicago" has some issues its power "elite" needs to be compelled to deal with instead of pursuing its "multi-million dollar mission" to host the 2016 Olympics, something that will likely only exacerbate its severe racial and social inequalities while advancing the authoritarian and regressive (urban corporate neoliberal) "global city" agenda. It could start by moving financial resources from narcissistic Olympics promotion to attacking socioeconomic misery in the 15 city neighborhoods where more than a quarter of the children were reported (in the latest census) to be living in what poverty research now call "deep poverty" - at less than half of the nation's notoriously inadequate (far too low) poverty level. Fourteen of these neighborhoods are located in predominantly black stretches of persistently hyper-segregated Chicago's South and West Sides and 12 of them were 94 percent or more black in the 2000 Census. The book is preceded by the following comment from Martin Luther King, Jr.: “Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds. Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfort and the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by the battering ram of the forces of justice. Let us be dissatisfied until those who live on the outskirts of hope are brought into the metropolis of daily security” (1967). You can hear me talk about race, corporate power and politics and Chicago during an interview last spring - podcast available here (scroll down to March 10, 2007)
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Part I: Forgotten People, Invisible Oppression
1. It'll Take More Than a Hurricane: Race, Place, Chicago, and America's “Enduring Shame” - Triple Ghetto” and “Triple Evils”- “How You Gonna Export Something You Ain't Got at Home?”- Post Civil Rights Wisdom: “All the Corrections Have Been Made”- Framing Katrina: Rediscovering and Re-forgetting America's “Enduring Shame”- Living Racism and Racial Apartheid as Persistent and Deepened Social Barriers for Black Amerixcans- Why Chicago?- History, Sentimentality, Progress, and the “Myth of Time”- Structure
2. Whitewashing “Global Chicago”: Racial Invisibility in the Neoliberal Era - A Sixties Memoir- Neoliberal Racism and the Post-Civil Rights Era- Deleting Race Altogether - Race Without Racism - Not in Our Modern, Northern, and Global Metropolitan Backyard
Part II: History: The Not-So Good Old Ghetto
3. The First and Only True Ghetto (1900-1944) - Two White Supremacist World Fairs - Explaining Blacks' Relative Absence before the Great War - When Work Discriminates: Labor Market Apartheid through the Interwar Years - Residential Apartheid: “Chicago's Only Real Ghetto” and the Binding Power of Whiteness - “Bronzeville's Lower Depths” and the Fordist Production of a Proto-Underclass -Toward the Not So Golden Age
4. The Second, “Golden Age” Ghetto (1945-1970)- Making the Second Ghetto - “A Whole Constellation of Institutions”: The Structures and Ideology of “Golden Age” Inequality - The Big Chicago Chill: The End of the Sixties and the Great Migration
5. The Nadir: The Third and Apocalyptic Ghetto and the Retreat from Race (1970-1992) - The Kerner Commission's Belated Nightmare Come to Life- The Retreat from Race: The Cry No Longer Heard- The “American Millstone”: The Tribune Weighs In on the Sheer Horror of the “Permanent” Black Urban Poor
Part III: Still Separate and Unequal: The Ugly Details of Recent Racial Domination
6. Metropolitan Apartheid - Physical Segregation and Racial Ignorance- Shifting Color Lines- Dark Continuities- Still Segregated Schools- Is Racial Segregation about “Class, Not Race”?- Why Separatism Matters
7. Savage Inequalities: The Cold Facts - An Expanding Black Bourgeoisie- The Deeper, Darker Reality: Income/Poverty; Labor Force; Race, Place, and the Color of Job Growth; Housing; The Color of “Economic Vitality” and Deindustrialization; "Hypersegmented” Finance; Education Attainment and Test-Score Gaps; The Color of Campaign Finance; The Color of the Executive Suite; Black Business Enterprise; Incarceration and Felony Marking; Health; The Limits of Black Middle-Class Escape- “A Community That Is Slowly Dying”: A Walk Through Englewood- Evils That Are Interrelated: Viciously Circular Connections- “Progress?”
8. What's “Racism” Got to Do with It? - Policy and Housing Opportunity - Labor Market Racism: The Smoking Gun and Beyond - Racist Mass Criminal Marking and Warehousing - Media Racism: The Black Inner City as “a Police Problem" - Apartheid Schooling - The “Global Economic Sector” and the Racial Basis of the New Daley Regime - The Glories of Globalization: It “Depends on Who You Are and Where You Live”- Class over Race?- Race, Welfare Myths, and “The Color of Opportunity”- Race, Class, and Personal Responsibility
9. Contesting Corporate Urban Neoliberal Racism - “They Have No Alternatives”- "There Is No Alternative” - Looking Forward: Toward an Urban Civil Rights and social Justice Agenda for the 21st Century
* It appears that the commenting function is or seriously degraded on the blog system at present.




he poisons trueleftism with White-hating Identity Politics
By Cryofan, Cryofan at Sep 12, 2007 14:19 PM
Reply this comment
Cryofan You Haven't Got a Clue
By Redbutt22, Redbuttons at Sep 07, 2007 15:40 PM
Reply this comment
cryofan, your confusion ripens
By Kissenger, Clark at Sep 06, 2007 21:24 PM
Reply this comment
Paul be helping the overclass Divide et Impera
By Cryofan, Cryofan at Aug 28, 2007 15:54 PM
Reply this comment
re surveillance cameras
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 11, 2007 18:35 PM
Reply this comment
Cameras and neoliberal repression
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 09, 2007 23:57 PM
Reply this comment
re cameras
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 07, 2007 18:25 PM
Reply this comment
Response to Kelvin Y: Chicago, London and Olympic Pretexts
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 07, 2007 14:31 PM
Reply this comment
"Third world" inside the "first"
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 05, 2007 17:49 PM
Well, I know what you mean but here's an interesting bit of writing and information from the brilliant writer Elaine Brown (onetime head of the Black Panther Party) on pp. 78-79 of her remarkable book The Condemnation of Little B:
"In 1993, the United Nations issued a report on the quality of life in the world based on its study of the health, education, and purchasing power of the populations of 173 countries in the world. As a result of this study, the U.S. ranked countries in terms of 'quality of life.' The citzens of the United States ranked at the top - as might have been expected. Whites in the United States, considered separately, however, ranked number one in the entire world. Blacks in America, when viewed separately, ranked number thirty-one, along with Uruguay."
I suspect the same reality holds in this millennium.
We have something of a "third world" inside the "first."
After having to prove its existence you then get mired in the tougher question of why it exists, with the regining and bipartisan answer being that "it's their own fault" --- a sentiment expressed above by "Anonymous"
Reply this comment
At least
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 05, 2007 14:55 PM
At least, the segregation isn't as bad (yet) in south side of Chicago as it is in this global metropolis under US control. Maybe they'll do an enquiry about Chicago too when liberal Congressmen start worrying that the situation is sending "exactly the wrong message...about US respect for human rights.”
Reply this comment
Resegregation in the suburbs
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 04, 2007 20:50 PM
Anthony: One of the things I do in the book is present data and talk at some length about the segregation of concentrated black poverty that is taking place in the suburbs.
The evidence indicates that there is little to celebrate from an integrationist standpoint about the rising presence of African Americans in the region's suburbs.... Lower black isolation and higher black exposure numbers in the suburbs (as compared with the city) reflect blacks' considerably smaller total numbers in predominantly Euro-American (72 percent) suburbs, not any suburban preference for interracial living. The suburban Chicago area remains very much a predominantly white preserve, exhibiting exceedingly high white isolation: the average suburban Chicago-area white lives in a census tract that is 82 percent white. Suburban whites experience remarkably low exposure to blacks—the average suburban Chicago-area white lives in a census tract that is 4.2 percent black—and the suburban black-white (dissimilarity index = 73), black-Hispanic (68), and black-Asian (75) dissimilarity scores remain quite high in the suburbs
Moreover, 50 percent of African Americans living in Chicago-area suburbs reside in just 18 of the six-county Chicago area's 264 suburban jurisdictions..."A comparison of the top 20 suburbs by population for each racial group,” notes Guy Stuart of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, “shows that African-Americans and whites only share one suburb”—Oak Park. By contrast, whites and Latinos share 3 suburbs and whites and Asians share 10 suburbs.
Reply this comment
klansmen comments
By Dimaggio, Anthony at Aug 03, 2007 13:53 PM
I'm quoting the anonymous reply:
"I'm not from Chicago but I understand it's a very successful city, creating plenty of chances for people who care enough to advance to move up like Barack Obama. You've a got a whole bunch of black city council folks and rich black business people too I'm pretty sure...people your nemesis Obama says helped pay for his Senate run."
This person clearly has no idea what they're talking about. The admission that they're not "from" the area simply doesn't justify their ignorance and racism. Chicago has been well known throughout history to be one of the most segregated U.S. cities, and the CHA has been referred to by such "radical" sources as The Economist as the worst housing authority in the country. It's hard to disagree with that assessment when you look at the most recent form of blatant gentrification that has been going on in recent years. When I lived in Logan Square I drove by what's left of Cabrini everyday, and what happened to that area is as blatant an example of exporting poverty as one can find. While I don't know anyone who will defend locking away the poor in slums, simply getting the poor out of sight, out of mind is no solution for any self-respecting person with even a speck of compassion.
The Daley-CHA gentrification plan is shrewd and cynical: let someone else deal with the poverty problem a racist system in Chicago created. Send them to Peoria, Bloomington Normal, Rockford, or South Side suburbs, or wherever. But just get rid of this eyesore as soon as possible. That's a pretty appalling "solution" to urban ghettos and slums if I've ever seen one.
Anthony DiMaggio
University of Illinois, Chicago
Reply this comment
Responses
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 03, 2007 13:09 PM
Reply this comment
Response to David/Chicago's Politics and Race and Class
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 03, 2007 12:50 PM
Thanks David. We have a good Chicago-based cadre on ZNet. It makes sense. Chicago is very good at demonstrating the cringing business captivity and corporate authoritarianism of the Democratic Party. It's a one-party Democratic city-state and of course global business and related commercial and real estate interests couldn't have better friends in Chicago's City Hall if actual Republicans were in charge.
Chicago's very good also in educating on the false dichotomy of either class or race (I sometimes have people like the laughable "cryofan" write to say that "race" is an elite liberal issue and that I should only focus on class). The metropolitan "elite's" classist-neoliberal "global city" agenda is also very much a hidden and covert (and perhaps therefore all the more powerful) racist agenda and of course it involves the steady displacement of impoverished African Americans, who are being pushed further from the glittering (and "green") downtown to the metropolitan periphery - something an Olympic extravaganza could be expected to escalate.
The second chapter of the Racial Oppression book, titled "Whitewashing Global Chicago," treats Boeing a bit; it also contains some related treatment of local dominant media, the MacArthur Foundation and a host of other strategically placed agents and enablers of modern neoliberal urban racism, including people and institutions within the black community. Obama makes a few small appearances.
Reply this comment
re : Racial Oppression in the Global Metropolis
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 03, 2007 09:35 AM
Reply this comment
Racial Oppression in the Global Metropolis
By Kissenger, Clark at Aug 02, 2007 21:55 PM
Paul:
Great looking new book by you:
Very impressed by what I've seen. But even moreso about the fact that your eyes are focused on Chicago.
Clearly, what the neighborhoods need are more relocations to the city's Central Area of Fortune 500 giants -- and military-industrial leaders -- such as Boeing's corporate HQ. And if Lockheed - Martin won't follow Boeing and relocate its corporate HQ? Then surely the Illinois Medical District can nurture more firms like that new bioech facility scheduled for the city's West Side at Polk and Leavitt. Or the Mayor's pièce de résistance: The 2016 Summer Olympics.
I still recall a line some years ago from Adolph Reed. Unfortunately, I'll have to paraphrase: Richie Daley's long-term plan for Chicago is all-white from the lakefront west to Interstate 90/94.
Evidently, if you are black and you are poor, you're supposed to have the decency to retrace your roots to your great or great-great-grandparents, and relocate to whichever Confederate state they came from.
(Though I hasten to add: Boeing and the biotech firms still need janitors to keep the places clean.)
David Peterson
Chicago, USA
Reply this comment
You sure love to exonerate people
By Waltk72, Atomcrasher at Aug 02, 2007 17:06 PM
Reply this comment