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Justin Podur's Blog

Web Address: http://www.zcommunications.org/zspace/justinpodur
Bio: Justin Podur is a writer and editor for ZNet (www.zmag.org), part of Z Communications, an alternative media organization dedicated to political analysis and support for movements for social change.... (More)

All Podur Blogs

Uri Avnery, Israeli Apartheid...

By Justin Podur at Jan 25, 2007


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I read Uri Avnery's piece in Counterpunch on Israeli Apartheid, cautioning against the use of the Apartheid analogy. Stephen Friedman and Virginia Tilley replied, providing interesting facts from the record on South African Apartheid. When I read Avnery's piece I thought it was a good conversation opener. There are things in it I disagreed with, some of which Friedman and Tilley address. And things that I think are good fodder for discussion. The apartheid analogy has several merits. First, as pointed out by Avnery and by Friedman/Tilley, there are major elements that the systems of South African apartheid and Israeli apartheid share (Avnery thinks of these as methods, Friedman and Tilley argue that there is also substance). Uri Davis's book, 'Apartheid Israel', describes the Israeli system very well. Second, when South Africa claimed that there were plenty of oppressive regimes in the world, the world replied that legally-enforced racism was a special affront that deserved a very high priority of international attention and pressure. Avnery raises several cautions. One, the demographics are different. This is true, and makes Israel relatively stronger than South Africa was compared to the people it is trying to displace and destroy. Two, South Africa depended on indigenous labor, while Israel has successfully replaced Palestinian labor. Three, and Avnery doesn't say it quite like this, but Israeli apartheid isn't a system for exploitation, but ultimately for replacing the Palestinian population. I believe, and Friedman/Tilley may disagree with me, that Israel's stance towards the Palestinians is fundamentally genocidal and it has opportunities and means for carrying this out that the South African white regime did not. This puts the Palestinians in a more precarious position than Black South Africans were in. And although Friedman/Tilley point out the facts of ethnic cleansing of Africans by whites in South Africa, the usefulness of the apartheid analogy should not blind us to the extra precariousness of the Palestinian situation and the genocidal campaign of Israel, exemplified by what is happening in Gaza. I agree with Friedman/Tilley about how the limits of the apartheid analogy don't necessarily lend support to Uri Avnery's preferred solution to the conflict, a two-state solution. I also agree with Friedman/Tilley that the basis for a binational solution, with the right of return guaranteed (I wrote a little fiction about it a while ago) is not religious fundamentalism, as Avnery argues. Some other differences. I'd like to remind readers of a nice piece by Joel Kovel in Tikkun arguing about how to end Israeli apartheid, making comparisons to South Africa, from May 2003. Here's a very nice quote from that piece, on the differences:
There are of course important differences between Israel and apartheid South Africa. The latter was only a secondary (though not insignificant) client of the United States, inasmuch as it lacked strong domestic constituencies in America, and more importantly, was not a factor in controlling an area so strategic as the Middle East. Because South Africa is a wealthy and largely self-sufficient powerhouse, while Israel would collapse like a house of cards without the support of its patron, a much greater role would be given to organizing within the United States in the struggle against Zionism compared to the struggle against Apartheid. At the same time, the depth of the American-Israeli tie makes that organizing much more arduous, even as the present state of war and looming expulsion of the Palestinian people (ethnic cleansing was not significant for South Africa) gives it an immediate urgency. Prevention of the latter catastrophe necessarily provides the entry point into the struggle against Zionism, without altering the long term goal. And this is defined by the deep structural similarities between the two racist states.
Apartheid analysis leads naturally to the idea that the apartheid state should be isolated internationally, economically and politically, until it changes. And as Kovel says, this would lead in Israel to very rapid shifts. On the flip side, Israel is completely integrated with North American power, and will not be so easily isolated. Indeed, isolating Israel means defeating the political elites of the US (and Canada, for those interested, and so on) in a significant way: Israel is not something they will compromise on. That might be the most important thing an anti-apartheid campaigner can remember. The reason they won't give up easily is two-pronged. On the one hand, it is because supporting a "western" country like Israel to ethnically cleanse a west asian population comes naturally in the west. Racism means Israel is part of the family, Palestinians are not. On the other hand, it is the use of anti-racist feeling. The very reason that made it possible to isolate South Africa - that racism is a special affront - is a reason for many who don't fully grasp what is being done to the Palestinians to support Israel. Jews have a long history of being the victims of racism. The struggle against anti-semitism is a moral issue. When support for Israel can be cast as part of that historical struggle, instead of the abomination of that struggle that it is, it can be cast as a moral issue that people will fight very hard for. The history and even the particular forms that anti-semitism has taken (boycotts, for example) make thinking carefully about the tactics of a boycott/divestment/sanctions campaign against Israel imperative. Tactics that worked against South Africa can't be adopted wholesale. Mostly white academics telling other white academics that they are not welcome because they represent the South African apartheid state looks different from mostly white academics telling Jewish academics they are not welcome because they represent the Israeli apartheid state. The massacre of Israeli athletes at the Munich olympics means that a sports boycott against Israel would evoke very different feelings than the sports boycott against South African athletes. Having discussed the differences, let me return to Kovel and the similarities by way of conclusion:
Here we need to remind ourselves that we are talking about changing the Israeli state. A state is not a society, a nation or a territory, but a mode of regulation and control, and the disposition of official violence. States control and direct society, contain nations, and command territories. The racist state aggrandizes one group by annihilating others, who essentially stand helpless before it. The Holocaust happened to state-less Jews, Gypsies, etc, who became the victims of the nihilism of a racist, Nazi state; similarly, state-less Palestinians have become victims of the nihilism of the racist, Zionist state. Given the nihilistic violence built into the Zionist state, it is reasonable to say that such an outcome is in the interests of both the bodily and spiritual survival of the Jewish people. Being “thrown into the sea” is a fantasy of projected vengeance. It is predicated on sustaining a racist state-organization into the future, forever surrounded by those it has dispossessed and humiliated. Therefore the chief condition to strive for is creation of a society in which the wheel of vengeance is put out of commission. And if this seems completely off the scale, especially so given the extreme violence built into the Israeli state, it is most important to recall the bringing down of the murderous apartheid state of South Africa—and to realize that if so great an accomplishment could be done there, then an equivalently great accomplishment can take place in Israel/Palestine. ... (snip) ... In a vision of a post-racist society we find, however, the moral force capable of inspiring and drawing in people of good will from all sides of the conflict. If such people were able to demand the downfall of apartheid, why should they not do the same for Zionism, and unify themselves under this banner? It will be a long and hard struggle, and only a vision worthy of its sacrifices will suffice for the path ahead.
To which I can only add that it will be a long and hard struggle, but one on which we'll all have to account for the side we were on.
Person

Is Israel an Apartheid State

By Darr, Dazzer at May 06, 2007 02:47 AM

Check this out on the Apartheid debate:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BpjQEvmtNdk

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Z

"In S. Africa, the ANC and

By Anonymous, Anonymous at Feb 20, 2007 11:35 AM

"In S. Africa, the ANC and others had not declared a state of war."

 

False. The ANC was a violent militant group trained by, among others, members of the Communist Party of South Africa.  They conducted attacks that were called "terrorist" by the government of South Africa.

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Person

Original Post

By Andy, Shanghai at Feb 01, 2007 21:33 PM

SGTR

You start off by atacking Justin for his ("your") analogy failing. But his post states that he feels that the analogy does fall short. He then uses the point as the start of a discussion on the Isreal-Palestine situation.

Apart from that you seem to be suggesting that criticising the policies of the Israeli State is equivalent to prejudice against all Jews as a people.

This is also covered in the blog. It also equates to your own view of aggression against Israel as being perpatrated by 'Arabs'.

You can state your case for Israeli Defense without throwing the racism around.

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Person

israeli arpatheid

By Kissenger, Clark at Jan 31, 2007 11:52 AM

don't do to your arab brothers for which you wouln't want the same happening to jewish brothers.

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Person

And you know about military

By Tbarnich, Tb at Jan 29, 2007 10:19 AM

And you know about military operations how?

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Person

re "Again, the Apartheid"

By Kissenger, Clark at Jan 28, 2007 19:06 PM

SGTR,

Don't understand. No one is "anti-Jewish" here, whatever that means. I myself am Jewish, and I'm certainly not "anti-Israel," whatever you want that to mean.

It is not necessary, in the course of a state protecting its citizens, to have complete control over an "enemy" population; that only ensures an infinite cycle of violent reprisal and does nothing in the long term to protect anyone.

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Person

Again, the Apartheid

By Hassan, Sheik at Jan 28, 2007 16:09 PM

Again, the Apartheid analogy falls short.  In the West Bank and Gaza the PLO, Hamas, and others have declared a state of war.  You are asking that a hostile enemy should be allowed to roam free to continue hostilities.  You are saying that the Israelies have no right to protect themselves.  No other people are held to this standard. Hence, the charge of anti-semitism.  In S. Africa, the ANC and others had not declared a state of war.  Therefore, blacks should have had the right to free movement.

 Further, in S. Africa, blacks were citizens.  In the West Bank and Gaza, the Palestinians are not Israeli citizens. If anything, the Palestinians are Jordanian and Egyptian citizens.  Even Egypt and Jordan don't afford them free movement.  Why should Israel?

I simply find it so strange that anti-Israel/anti-Jewish activists never say "Palestinians should stop waging war."  But I guess that makes you guys the bigots you are.

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Person

some differences

By Kissenger, Clark at Jan 28, 2007 14:31 PM

When we speak of ''apartheid,'' it should be made clear that the subject is not Israeli society but certain policies that stem out of the occupation of Palestinian territory. Within Israel proper, it's inaccurate and unfair to claim that there is a system of apartheid; the West Bank is another story. Someone wrote that the S. Africa example is not so instructive because that apartheid was based on racist dominion and that policies that seem apartheid-like in the West Bank, for example, are based on ethno-religious displacement, expulsion etc., not necessarily racism. Even if it were racist, that does not condemn all of Israel and Israeli society.

Stands taken in an anti-Israel pose can easily bleed into an antisemitic one, as Mr. Podur points out; no doubt true. Hopefully the ideal of being pro-Israeli and pro-Palestinian will someday cease to exist in many minds as a contradiction.

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Person

So let's say, for arguments

By Hassan, Sheik at Jan 28, 2007 14:06 PM

So let's say, for arguments sake, that what you say is true. 

Why do you single out Israel as opposed to all the other Arab countries?  Is a country of 8 million causing problems for 300 million Arabs?  Are the records for the Arab countries "human rights" better than Israel?  If you were to objectively compare Israel to what surrounds it, Israel would come out on top every time.  Yet, Israel is the bad guy? 

I find it very strange that you are clamering for Israeli internal reforms.  Seriously, what is your motivation?  You are implicitly blaming Israel for the regions problems.  That sir, is bigoted.

And if you think that Israel has only achieved economic sucess because of the U.S., you clearly  are unaware of the tech and medical industries in Israel. 

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Person

Interesting news: Canadian

By Kissenger, Clark at Jan 28, 2007 00:38 AM

Interesting news: Canadian authorities in their muddleheadedness are "upsetting Israeli authorities" over "immigrant absorption"...

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Person

Way to avoid the thrust of

By Gmycio, Sgtr at Jan 27, 2007 13:00 PM

Way to avoid the thrust of the problem boys - that the Arabs want to kill Jews and will stop at nothing, even statehood. 

Instead, you simply want to protest the Israeli economy that supports the Palestinian Arabs.  Let's face it, Israel is the only functioning economy in the middle east - and it has done so without oil.  If you cripple the Israeli economy you will harm those you want to help who recieve welfare from Israel because lord knows the Arab countries don't give a shit about the Palestinians and aren't willing to give them aide. 

By demonizing Israel, the worldwide representative for Jews, you are being a bigot. 

How come "free Palestine" signs are never directed towards Jordan or Syria?

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Person

the US and Israel - and other countries

By Kissenger, Clark at Jan 27, 2007 11:00 AM

Hi Kelvin. From the UK you raise an interesting point, one that I think is relevant to Canada also. The reason Canada (and the UK) are so close to Israel isn't because of Israel but because these countries (Canada & UK) want to demostrate their closeness to the US. A very important way to do that is to support Israel, since each distinct country that supports Israel breaks the possibility of diplomatically isolating Israel. Which means, as you say, that trying to internationally isolate Israel from a country like Canada or the UK means trying to break the "special", and subordinate relationship these countries have to the US. Which is an important thing to do regardless...

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Person

Seeing that you're erasing

By Cclausen, Crcn at Jan 26, 2007 21:05 PM

Seeing that you're erasing comments, try this one on for size.

 The reason your apartheid analogy fails is because the Arabs have been in a state of war with Israel, based on its Judiasm, since before 1947.  There is a long history of unprovoked attacks by Arabs on Jewish civilizans within the sovereign borders of Israel that DID NOT result in retaliation.  Those attacks came from sovereign Arab territories.  When those territories came under the control of Israel, those attacks did not cease.  Thus, the state of war by the Arabs against the Jews - based on their Judiasm, continued. 

What you are in effect saying, by claiming Israel is an "apartheid state," is Israel should allow peoples within a territory it controls to continue their acts of war. And in those acts of war, Israel should be passive.  This is completely absurd and defies all logic and reason.  May I remind you that the PLO was created PRIOR to 1967 - when there was NOTHING to liberate! 

So while you may caution others of treading too closely to anti-semtism,  that is exactly what you appear to have done yourself.  You are in effect saying Jews are not allowed to protect themselves, they should allow their sworn enemies to continue with their war.  This is a standard you do not apply to anyone else but Jews.   It is therefore why you can be charged with being an anti-semite yourself. 

 

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